SQUARE D

3-phase stepper motor - 6.78Nm - shaft Ø 14 mm - L=128 mm - w brake - term box

3-PHASE STEPPER MOTOR - 6.78NM

SQDBRS39BW470FBA BRS39BW470FBA 3389119224000
1549.99 / EA
http://schema.org/OutOfStock
  • Country of Origin: Germany
  • Shaft Diameter: 14 mm
  • Shaft End: Untapped
  • Shaft Length: 30 mm
  • Warranty Length: 18 mth
QTY
  • Features
  • Specifications
  • Supply Voltage Description
    • single phase 115 V AC
    • single phase 230 V AC
  • Resolution
    • 1.8 °, 0.9 °, 0.72 °, 0.36 °, 0.18 °, 0.09 °, 0.072 °, 0.036 ° step angle
    • 200, 400, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 5000, 10000 steps number of full steps per revolution
  • Supply Voltage Limits
    • 230-230 V AC
    • 325-325 V DC
  • IP Degree Of Protection
    • IP41 shaft bushing: conforming to IEC 60034-5
    • IP56 total except shaft bushing: conforming to IEC 60034-5
  • Prop 65
    • WARNING: This product can expose you to chemicals including: Lead and lead compounds, which is known to the State of California to cause cancer and birth defects or other reproductive harm. For more information go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov
  • Carbon Footprint Of The Installation Phase A5
    • 0
    • 0 kg CO2 eq.
  • Carbon Footprint Of The End Of Life Phase C1 To C4
    • 0.6 kg CO2 eq.
    • 0.6450426379
  • Carbon Footprint Of The Manufacturing Phase A1 To A3
    • 25 kg CO2 eq.
    • 24.7167424673
  • Vibration Resistance
    • 20 m/s² maximum
    • A IEC 60034-14
  • Maximum Radial Force FR
    • 110 N first shaft end)
    • 50 N second shaft end)
  • Maximum Axial Force FA
    • 175 N tensile force)
    • 30 N force pressure)
  • Carbon Footprint Of The Use Phase B2 B3 B4 B6
    • 1 811 kg CO2 eq.
    • 1811.0754410959
  • Relative Humidity
    • 15-85 % without condensation
  • Service Life In Hours
    • 20000 h bearing)
  • Carbon Footprint Of The Distribution Phase A4
    • 0.8708996589
    • 0.9 kg CO2 eq.
  • Operating Altitude
    • <= 3280.84 ft (1000 m) without power derating
  • Temperature Class
    • F winding IEC 60034-1
  • Resistance
    • 6.5 Ohm winding)
  • Physical Attributes
    • Motor Flange Size : 85 mm
    • Shaft Length : 30 mm
  • Complementary Attributes
    • Maximum Mechanical Speed : 3000 rpm
    • Maximum Starting Frequency : 5.3 kHz
  • Important Information Attributes
    • Local Data Status : Publishable
    • Local Publishable Date : 2025-04-06
    • Device Type : Motion - drive & motor
    • Serviceability : Yes
    • Traceability : Yes
    • Field Service Division : IDIBS
    • Average Life Duration : 15 year(s)
    • Manufacturing Carbon Footprint : 24.7167424673
    • Distribution Carbon Footprint : 0.8708996589
    • Installation Carbon Footprint : 0
    • Use Carbon Footprint : 1811.0754410959
    • End Of Life Carbon Footprint : 0.6450426379
    • Legacy WEEE Scope : In
    • WEEE Product Category : 5
    • Scope Perimeter : At least in Europe
    • EOLI Availability Display : No need of specific recycling operations
    • Reach Full Compliance Status : Reference contains Substances of Very High Concern above the threshold
    • Reach Full Compliance Status Id : CONTAINS_SVHC
    • Reach Compliance Directive : Reference contains Substances of Very High Concern above the threshold
    • ROHS EUR In Scope : No
    • ROHS EUR Status : Compliant with Exemptions
    • ROHS EUR Conformity Date : 1901
    • ROHS EUR Full Compliance Status : Pro-active compliance (Product out of EU RoHS legal scope)
    • ROHS EUR Full Compliance Status Id : PRO_ACTIVE_COMPLIANCE
    • China ROHS In Scope : Yes
    • China ROHS Label : 5
    • With Recycled Cardboard : Yes
    • Without Single Use Plastic : No
    • Product Contributes To Saved And Avoided Emissions : No
    • Return Indicator : N
    • WD Status : 5 - INITIALIZED WITH DataSCAN OK (Migration)
    • Centring Collar Diameter : 73 mm
    • Circle Diameter Of The Mounting Holes : 98.99 mm
    • Coefficient 1 0 : -135.2396 N.m
    • Coefficient 1 1 : 155.0824 N.m/rpm
    • Coefficient 1 2 : -55.0149 N.m/rpm²
    • Coefficient 1 3 : 6.2349 N.m/rpm3
    • Coefficient 2 0 : -135.2396 N.m
    • Coefficient 2 1 : 155.0824 N.m/rpm
    • Coefficient 2 2 : -55.0149 N.m/rpm²
    • Coefficient 2 3 : 6.2349 N.m/rpm3
    • Coefficient M0 : 0.00071 N.m/rpm
    • Coefficient M0 Max : 0.00071 N.m/rpm
    • Curve Type : semilog
    • Device Short Name : BRS3
    • Holding Brake : with
    • Mounting Holes Diameter : 6.5 mm
    • Number Of Motor Poles : 6
    • Package Weight Lbs : 6.75 kg
    • Peak Stall Torque : 5.78 N.m
    • Product Availability : Non-Stock - Not normally stocked in distribution facility
    • Product Or Component Type : motion control motor
    • Returnability : No
    • Rotor Inertia : 3.3 kg.cm²
    • Second Shaft : without second shaft end
    • Shaft Diameter : 14 mm
    • Shaft End : untapped
    • Sizing Reference : BRS39B
    • Sustainable Packaging : No
    • Total Lifecycle Carbon Footprint : 1 837 kg CO2 eq.
    • Voltage 1 : 115 V
    • Voltage 1 Speed 1 : 435.719619462354 rpm
    • Voltage 1 Speed 1 Max : 435.719619462354 rpm
    • Voltage 2 : 230 V
    • Voltage 2 Speed 2 : 435.719619462354 rpm
    • Voltage 2 Speed 2 Max : 435.719619462354 rpm
    • Weee Label : The product must be disposed on European Union markets following specific waste collection and never end up in rubbish bins.
    • Carbon Footprint Kg Co2 Eq Total Life Cycle : 1837.30812586
    • Relationship Type : Compatible relationship
    • Pep Code : ENVPEP111101EN
    • Pep Verification Date : 2020-07-01
    • PCR Version : PCR-ed3-EN-2015 04 02
    • Type Of Verification For The Pep : Independent internal review
    • Product Weight In G : 6750
    • Functional Unit Description : Coordinate and synchronize motion control up to 80W during 10 years and a 70% use rate.
    • Functional Unit Quantity : 1
    • Functional Unit Unit : unit
    • Reference Lifetime In Y : 10
    • Energy Consumption On Product Lifetime In Kwh : 3696.3696
    • Nbr Of Units In Pkg : 1
    • Warranty In Months : 18
    • Energy Model Manufacturing A1 A3 : Energy model used: Germany
    • Energy Model Installation A5 : Electricity mix; AC; < 1kV; EU-27
    • Energy Model Use B6 : Electricity mix; AC; < 1kV; EU-27
    • Energy Model End Of Life C1 C4 : Electricity mix; AC; < 1kV; EU-27
    • Components For Re Use Kg Total Life Cycle : 0
    • Components For Re Use Kg Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0
    • Components For Re Use Kg Distribution A4 : 0
    • Components For Re Use Kg Installation A5 : 0
    • Components For Re Use Kg Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Components For Re Use Kg End Of Life C1 C4 : 0
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Elements Kg Equivalent Sb Total Life Cycle : 0.0010252084
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Elements Kg Equivalent Sb Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.0008677914
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Elements Kg Equivalent Sb Distribution A4 : 0.0000000349
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Elements Kg Equivalent Sb Installation A5 : 0
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Elements Kg Equivalent Sb Operational Energy Use B6 : 0.0001573622
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Elements Kg Equivalent Sb End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.00000002
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Fossil Fuels Mj Total Life Cycle : 20808.06584451
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Fossil Fuels Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 231.0119386015
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Fossil Fuels Mj Distribution A4 : 12.2354462763
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Fossil Fuels Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Fossil Fuels Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 20556.9663561644
    • Depletion Of Abiotic Resources Fossil Fuels Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 7.8521034679
    • Exported Energy Mj By Energy Vector Total Life Cycle : 0.0003647072
    • Exported Energy Mj By Energy Vector Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.0003647072
    • Exported Energy Mj By Energy Vector Distribution A4 : 0
    • Exported Energy Mj By Energy Vector Installation A5 : 0
    • Exported Energy Mj By Energy Vector Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Exported Energy Mj By Energy Vector End Of Life C1 C4 : 0
    • Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Total Life Cycle : 74.2258440951
    • Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Manufacturing A1 A3 : 65.8870096646
    • Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Distribution A4 : 0
    • Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Installation A5 : 0
    • Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Operational Energy Use B6 : 0.9441499507
    • Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg End Of Life C1 C4 : 7.3946844798
    • Materials For Energy Recovery Kg Total Life Cycle : 0.0055043775
    • Materials For Energy Recovery Kg Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0
    • Materials For Energy Recovery Kg Distribution A4 : 0
    • Materials For Energy Recovery Kg Installation A5 : 0
    • Materials For Energy Recovery Kg Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Materials For Energy Recovery Kg End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.0055043775
    • Materials For Recycling Kg Total Life Cycle : 6.7866600341
    • Materials For Recycling Kg Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.6583200682
    • Materials For Recycling Kg Distribution A4 : 0
    • Materials For Recycling Kg Installation A5 : 0
    • Materials For Recycling Kg Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Materials For Recycling Kg End Of Life C1 C4 : 6.1283399659
    • Net Use Of Fresh Water M3 Total Life Cycle : 6566.8951020695
    • Net Use Of Fresh Water M3 Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.3874118818
    • Net Use Of Fresh Water M3 Distribution A4 : 0.0000779416
    • Net Use Of Fresh Water M3 Installation A5 : 0
    • Net Use Of Fresh Water M3 Operational Energy Use B6 : 6566.5068383562
    • Net Use Of Fresh Water M3 End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.00077389
    • Non Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Total Life Cycle : 6772.9541125963
    • Non Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Manufacturing A1 A3 : 20.6081580443
    • Non Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Distribution A4 : 0.0309435759
    • Non Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Installation A5 : 0
    • Non Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg Operational Energy Use B6 : 6752.2848438356
    • Non Hazardous Waste Disposed Of Kg End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.0301671404
    • Ozone Depletion Kg Equivalent Cfc 11 Total Life Cycle : 0.0001201584
    • Ozone Depletion Kg Equivalent Cfc 11 Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.0000021406
    • Ozone Depletion Kg Equivalent Cfc 11 Distribution A4 : 0.0000000018
    • Ozone Depletion Kg Equivalent Cfc 11 Installation A5 : 0
    • Ozone Depletion Kg Equivalent Cfc 11 Operational Energy Use B6 : 0.0001179754
    • Ozone Depletion Kg Equivalent Cfc 11 End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.0000000406
    • Radioactive Waste Disposed Of Kg Total Life Cycle : 4.5203290103
    • Radioactive Waste Disposed Of Kg Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.0107221006
    • Radioactive Waste Disposed Of Kg Distribution A4 : 0.0000220382
    • Radioactive Waste Disposed Of Kg Installation A5 : 0
    • Radioactive Waste Disposed Of Kg Operational Energy Use B6 : 4.5095385425
    • Radioactive Waste Disposed Of Kg End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.000046329
    • Total Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Total Life Cycle : 32038.1158184678
    • Total Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 445.3439454235
    • Total Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Distribution A4 : 12.2974843661
    • Total Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Total Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 31570.7003835616
    • Total Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 9.7740051165
    • Total Use Of Primary Energy During The Life Cycle Mj Total Life Cycle : 36668.702899655
    • Total Use Of Primary Energy During The Life Cycle Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 477.1176805003
    • Total Use Of Primary Energy During The Life Cycle Mj Distribution A4 : 12.313857305300001
    • Total Use Of Primary Energy During The Life Cycle Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Total Use Of Primary Energy During The Life Cycle Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 36169.4863561644
    • Total Use Of Primary Energy During The Life Cycle Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 9.785005685
    • Total Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Total Life Cycle : 4631.1663965463
    • Total Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 31.7750142126
    • Total Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Distribution A4 : 0.0164100341
    • Total Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Total Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 4599.364
    • Total Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Primary Energy And Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.0109722996
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Total Life Cycle : 8.4236213758
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 8.4236213758
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Distribution A4 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Total Life Cycle : 32029.686313067
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 436.9144400227
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Distribution A4 : 12.2974843661
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 31570.7003835616
    • Use Of Non Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Non Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 9.7740051165
    • Use Of Non Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Total Life Cycle : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Distribution A4 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Use Of Non Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Total Life Cycle : 24.2447413303
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 24.2447413303
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Distribution A4 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Total Life Cycle : 4606.9219110432
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 7.5305287095
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Distribution A4 : 0.0164100341
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 4599.364
    • Use Of Renewable Primary Energy Excluding Renewable Primary Energy Resources Used As Raw Materials Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.0109722996
    • Use Of Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Total Life Cycle : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Distribution A4 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Installation A5 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Use Of Renewable Secondary Fuels Mj End Of Life C1 C4 : 0
    • Use Of Secondary Materials Kg Total Life Cycle : 2.1454945992
    • Use Of Secondary Materials Kg Manufacturing A1 A3 : 2.1454945992
    • Use Of Secondary Materials Kg Distribution A4 : 0
    • Use Of Secondary Materials Kg Installation A5 : 0
    • Use Of Secondary Materials Kg Operational Energy Use B6 : 0
    • Use Of Secondary Materials Kg End Of Life C1 C4 : 0
    • Air Pollution M3 Total Life Cycle : 83296.4407966232
    • Air Pollution M3 Manufacturing A1 A3 : 5244.4570778852
    • Air Pollution M3 Distribution A4 : 37.0476122797
    • Air Pollution M3 Installation A5 : 0
    • Air Pollution M3 Operational Energy Use B6 : 77945.8384657534
    • Air Pollution M3 End Of Life C1 C4 : 69.0976407049
    • Water Pollution M3 Total Life Cycle : 76276.1283650891
    • Water Pollution M3 Manufacturing A1 A3 : 1329.0221716885
    • Water Pollution M3 Distribution A4 : 143.2120523024
    • Water Pollution M3 Installation A5 : 0
    • Water Pollution M3 Operational Energy Use B6 : 74729.6940273973
    • Water Pollution M3 End Of Life C1 C4 : 74.200113701
    • Acidification Of Soil And Water Kg Equivalent So2 Total Life Cycle : 7.6309195176
    • Photochemical Ozone Formation Kg Equivalent C2h4 Total Life Cycle : 0.423035138
    • Water Eutrophication Kg Equivalent P04 3 Total Life Cycle : 0.4670759033
    • Acidification Of Soil And Water Kg Equivalent So2 Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.0707605173
    • Acidification Of Soil And Water Kg Equivalent So2 Distribution A4 : 0.0039764497
    • Acidification Of Soil And Water Kg Equivalent So2 Installation A5 : 0
    • Acidification Of Soil And Water Kg Equivalent So2 Operational Energy Use B6 : 7.5542400548
    • Acidification Of Soil And Water Kg Equivalent So2 End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.0019424957
    • Global Warming Kg Equivalent Co2 Total Life Cycle : 1837.30812586
    • Global Warming Kg Equivalent Co2 Manufacturing A1 A3 : 24.7167424673
    • Global Warming Kg Equivalent Co2 Distribution A4 : 0.8708996589
    • Global Warming Kg Equivalent Co2 Installation A5 : 0
    • Global Warming Kg Equivalent Co2 Operational Energy Use B6 : 1811.0754410959
    • Global Warming Kg Equivalent Co2 End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.6450426379
    • Photochemical Ozone Formation Kg Equivalent C2h4 Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.0074484082
    • Photochemical Ozone Formation Kg Equivalent C2h4 Distribution A4 : 0.0002837635
    • Photochemical Ozone Formation Kg Equivalent C2h4 Installation A5 : 0
    • Photochemical Ozone Formation Kg Equivalent C2h4 Operational Energy Use B6 : 0.4150930345
    • Photochemical Ozone Formation Kg Equivalent C2h4 End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.0002099318
    • Water Eutrophication Kg Equivalent P04 3 Manufacturing A1 A3 : 0.0095901933
    • Water Eutrophication Kg Equivalent P04 3 Distribution A4 : 0.0009158741
    • Water Eutrophication Kg Equivalent P04 3 Installation A5 : 0
    • Water Eutrophication Kg Equivalent P04 3 Operational Energy Use B6 : 0.4561098586
    • Water Eutrophication Kg Equivalent P04 3 End Of Life C1 C4 : 0.0004599773
  • General Attributes
    • Product Or Component Type : motion control motor
  • Environment Attributes
    • ROHS Exemption Information : Yes
    • China ROHS url : https://checkaproduct.se.com/DistantRequestDispatcher.aspx?action=exportPdfRoHSChina&pid=786776&lang=en-us
    • Take Back : No
    • Recycled Metal Content At Cr Level : 0 %
    • China ROHS Regulation : X
    • Mercury Free : Yes
    • Carbon Footprint : 1837.30812586
    • Environmental Disclosure : ENVPEP111101EN
    • EU ROHS Directive : Pro-active compliance (Product out of EU RoHS legal scope)
    • Packaging Made With Recycled Cardboard : Yes
    • Packaging Without Single Use Plastic : No
    • Reach Regulation : Reference contains Substances of Very High Concern above the threshold
    • Pep Code : ENVPEP111101EN
    • Pep Verification Date : 2020-07-01
    • PCR Version : PCR-ed3-EN-2015 04 02
    • Type Of Verification For The Pep : Independent internal review
  • Contractual Warranty Attributes
    • Warranty Period : 18 months
    • Warranty : 18 months
  • Specifications
    • Country of Origin : Germany